4D printing technology, modern era: A short review
Abstract
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The advancement in 3D printing has led to the rapid growth of 4D printing technology. Adding time, as the fourth dimension, this technology ushered the potential of a massive evolution in fields of biomedical technologies, space applications, deployable structures, manufacturing industries, and so forth. This technology performs ingenious design, using smart materials to create advanced forms of the 3-D printed specimen. Improvements in Computer-aided design, additive manufacturing process, and material science engineering have ultimately favored the growth of 4-D printing innovation and revealed an effective method to gather complex 3-D structures. Contrast to all these developments, novel material is still a challenging sector. However, this short review illustrates the basic of 4D printing, summarizes the stimuli responsive materials properties which have prominent role in the field of 4D technology. Also, the practical applications are depicted and the potential prospect of this technology are put forward.
Combination of technologies that reveal 4D printing
Three basic categories for 4D printing materials
A strand that folds into an "MIT" letter together with a flat, closed cube surface
Combination of technologies that reveal 4D printing